Ụkpụrụ ngwaahịa nke oriọna LED

LED (Light Emitting Diode), ọkụ na-emitting diode, bụ ngwaọrụ semiconductor steeti siri ike nke nwere ike ịgbanwe ike eletrik ka ọ bụrụ ìhè a na-ahụ anya. Ọ nwere ike gbanwee ọkụ eletrik ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ ìhè. Obi LED bụ mgbawa semiconductor. Otu njedebe nke mgbawa na-ejikọta ya na bracket, otu njedebe bụ ogwe na-adịghị mma, na njedebe nke ọzọ na-ejikọta ya na ogwe aka dị mma nke ike ọkụ, nke mere na mgbawa ahụ dum na-ekpuchi ya site na epoxy resin.

Ihe mgbawa nke semiconductor nwere akụkụ abụọ. Otu akụkụ bụ semiconductor ụdị P, nke oghere na-achịkwa, na njedebe nke ọzọ bụ semiconductor N, nke electrons na-achịkwa. Mana mgbe ejikọtara semiconductors abụọ a, a na-emepụta njikọ PN n'etiti ha. Mgbe ihe dị ugbu a na-eme na mgbawa site na waya, a ga-akwaga electrons na mpaghara P, ebe electrons ga-ejikọta ya na oghere, wee gbasaa ike n'ụdị photon. Nke a bụ ụkpụrụ nke ọkụ ọkụ LED. Ogologo ogologo nke ìhè, ya bụ, agba nke ìhè, na-ekpebi ihe na-emepụta njikọ PN.

Ikanam nwere ike na-ebunye ọbara ọbara, odo, acha anụnụ anụnụ, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, oroma, odo odo na ìhè ọcha.

Na mbụ, a na-eji LED mee ihe dị ka ihe ngosi ọkụ ọkụ nke ngwá ọrụ na mita. Mgbe e mesịrị, a na-eji ọkụ ọkụ dị iche iche na-acha ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ihe na ọkụ ọkụ okporo ụzọ na nnukwu ihe ngosi mpaghara, na-emepụta ezigbo uru akụ na ụba na nke ọha mmadụ. Were oriọna mgbaama okporo ụzọ uhie dị sentimita iri na abụọ dịka ọmụmaatụ. Na United States, a na-eji oriọna ọkụ ọkụ 140 watt nwere ogologo ndụ yana obere ọkụ ọkụ dị ka isi iyi ọkụ, nke mepụtara 2000 lumens nke ìhè ọcha. Mgbe ị gafechara nzacha uhie, ọkụ ọkụ bụ 90%, na-ahapụ naanị 200 lumens nke ìhè uhie. N'ime oriọna a haziri ọhụrụ, Lumilds na-eji isi mmalite ọkụ ọkụ 18 na-acha uhie uhie, gụnyere mfu sekit. Ngụkọta ike oriri bụ 14 watts, nke nwere ike ịmepụta otu mmetụta ahụ. Oriọna mgbama ụgbọ ala bụkwa mpaghara dị mkpa nke ngwa isi iyi ọkụ LED.

Maka ọkụ n'ozuzu, ndị mmadụ chọrọ isi iyi ọkụ na-acha ọcha. Na 1998, a na-emepụta LED ọcha nke ọma. Emere LED a site na nkwakọ ngwaahịa GaN chip na yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ọnụ. GaN mgbawa na-ebunye ọkụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ (λ P = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), YAG phosphor nwere Ce3 + na-ekpo ọkụ na-enwu ọkụ na-acha odo odo mgbe ọkụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ masịrị ya, yana ọnụ ahịa kacha elu nke 550n LED lamp m. A na-etinye mkpụrụ osisi LED na-acha anụnụ anụnụ n'ime oghere nlegharị anya nke nnukwu efere, kpuchie ya na obere resin nke agwakọta ya na YAG, ihe dịka 200-500nm. Igwe ọkụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ sitere na mkpụrụ osisi LED na-etinye akụkụ nke phosphor, akụkụ nke ọzọ nke ìhè anụnụ anụnụ na-ejikọta ya na ìhè edo edo sitere na phosphor iji nweta ìhè ọcha.

Maka InGaN / YAG na-acha ọcha LED, site n'ịgbanwe kemịkalụ kemịkalụ nke YAG phosphor na imezi ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa phosphor, enwere ike nweta ọkụ dị iche iche na-acha ọcha na agba agba nke 3500-10000K. Usoro a nke inweta ọkụ na-acha ọcha site na-acha anụnụ anụnụ LED nwere usoro dị mfe, ọnụ ala dị ala na ntozu teknụzụ dị elu, ya mere a na-eji ya eme ihe.