Product Mfundo Ya Nyali Ya LED

LED (Light Emitting Diode), kuwala kotulutsa diode, ndi chipangizo cholimba cha semiconductor chomwe chingasinthe mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala kuwala kowonekera. Ikhoza kutembenuza mwachindunji magetsi kukhala kuwala. Mtima wa LED ndi chip cha semiconductor. Mapeto amodzi a chip amamangiriridwa ku bulaketi, mbali imodzi ndi mzati woipa, ndipo mapeto ena amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtengo wabwino wamagetsi, kotero kuti chip chonsecho chimatsekedwa ndi epoxy resin.

Chip cha semiconductor chimapangidwa ndi magawo awiri. Gawo limodzi ndi P-mtundu wa semiconductor, momwe mabowo ndi akuluakulu, ndipo mapeto ena ndi N-mtundu wa semiconductor, momwe ma elekitironi ndi olamulira. Koma ma semiconductors awiriwa akalumikizidwa, kulumikizana kwa PN kumapangidwa pakati pawo. Pamene panopa akuchita chip kudzera mu waya, ma elekitironi adzakankhidwira ku P dera, kumene ma elekitironi adzalumikizananso ndi mabowo, ndiyeno amatulutsa mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a photons. Iyi ndiye mfundo yotulutsa kuwala kwa LED. Kutalika kwa kuwala, ndiko kuti, mtundu wa kuwala, kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimapanga mgwirizano wa PN.

LED imatha kutulutsa mwachindunji kufiira, chikasu, buluu, zobiriwira, zobiriwira, lalanje, zofiirira ndi zoyera.

Poyamba, LED idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kuwala kwa zida ndi mita. Pambuyo pake, ma LED osiyanasiyana amitundu yopepuka adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamalabu apamsewu ndi m'malo akuluakulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu pazachuma komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Tengani nyali yofiira ya inchi 12 monga chitsanzo. Ku United States, nyali ya 140 watt incandescent yokhala ndi moyo wautali komanso yocheperako pang'ono idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kuwala, komwe kumatulutsa ma 2000 a kuwala koyera. Pambuyo podutsa fyuluta yofiira, kuwala kwa kuwala kumakhala 90%, ndikusiya 200 lumens ya kuwala kofiira. Mu nyali yopangidwa kumene, Lumileds amagwiritsa ntchito magwero 18 ofiira a LED, kuphatikiza kutayika kwa dera. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse ndi ma watts 14, omwe amatha kupanga kuwala kofanana. Nyali yamagetsi yamagalimoto ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a LED.

Kuti muunikire wamba, anthu amafunikira nyali zambiri zoyera. Mu 1998, LED yoyera idapangidwa bwino. LED iyi imapangidwa ndikuyika GaN chip ndi yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) palimodzi. Chip cha GaN chimatulutsa kuwala kwa buluu ( λ P = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), phosphor ya YAG yomwe ili ndi Ce3 + sintered pa kutentha kwakukulu imatulutsa kuwala kwachikasu pambuyo pokondwera ndi kuwala kwa buluu uku, ndi mtengo wapamwamba wa 550n LED nyali m. Gawo laling'ono la buluu la LED limayikidwa m'mbale yowoneka bwino, yophimbidwa ndi utomoni wopyapyala wosakanikirana ndi YAG, pafupifupi 200-500nm. Kuwala kwa buluu kuchokera ku gawo lapansi la LED kumatengedwa ndi phosphor, ndipo mbali ina ya kuwala kwa buluu imasakanikirana ndi kuwala kwachikasu kuchokera ku phosphor kuti ipeze kuwala koyera.

Kwa InGaN/YAG yoyera ya LED, posintha kapangidwe kake ka YAG phosphor ndikusintha makulidwe a wosanjikiza wa phosphor, nyali zoyera zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi kutentha kwamtundu wa 3500-10000K zitha kupezeka. Njira iyi yopezera kuwala koyera kudzera mu LED ya buluu imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, otsika mtengo komanso kukhwima kwaukadaulo, kotero imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.