Ihame ryibicuruzwa bya LED Itara

LED. Irashobora guhindura amashanyarazi mu mucyo. Umutima wa LED ni chip ya semiconductor. Impera imwe ya chip ifatanye na bracket, impera imwe ni pole itari nziza, naho iyindi ihujwe na pole nziza yo gutanga amashanyarazi, kuburyo chip yose iba ikikijwe na epoxy resin.

Chip ya semiconductor igizwe n'ibice bibiri. Igice kimwe ni P-semiconductor, aho imyobo yiganje, ikindi gice ni N-semiconductor, aho electron ziganje. Ariko iyo ibyo bice byombi byahujwe, hashyirwaho PN ihuza hagati yabo. Mugihe ikigezweho gikora kuri chip binyuze mumurongo, electron zizasunikwa mukarere ka P, aho electron zizahurira hamwe nu mwobo, hanyuma zisohora ingufu muburyo bwa fotone. Iri ni ihame ryo gusohora urumuri rwa LED. Uburebure bwumucyo, ni ukuvuga ibara ryumucyo, bigenwa nibintu bigize ihuriro rya PN.

LED irashobora gusohora mu buryo butaziguye umutuku, umuhondo, ubururu, icyatsi, icyatsi, orange, umutuku n'umweru.

Ubwa mbere, LED yakoreshejwe nkikimenyetso cyerekana urumuri rwibikoresho na metero. Nyuma, LED zitandukanye zifite amabara yoroheje yakoreshejwe cyane mumatara yumuhanda no kwerekana ahantu hanini, bitanga inyungu nziza mubukungu n'imibereho myiza. Fata itara ryerekana ibimenyetso bitukura 12 cm. Muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, itara ryaka rya watt 140 rifite ubuzima burebure hamwe nubushobozi buke bwo kumurika ryabanje gukoreshwa nkisoko yumucyo, itanga lumens 2000 yumucyo wera. Nyuma yo kunyura muyungurura rutukura, gutakaza urumuri ni 90%, hasigara lumens 200 gusa yumucyo utukura. Mu itara rishya ryateguwe, Lumileds ikoresha amasoko 18 yumucyo LED itukura, harimo no gutakaza umuziki. Amashanyarazi yose hamwe ni watts 14, zishobora gutanga ingaruka zimwe. Itara ryerekana ibimenyetso byimodoka naryo ryingenzi rya LED itanga isoko.

Kumuri rusange, abantu bakeneye amasoko yumucyo yera. Mu 1998, LED yera yakozwe neza. Iyi LED ikozwe mugupakira GaN chip na yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) hamwe. GaN chip itanga urumuri rwubururu （λ P = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), fosifore YAG irimo Ce3 + yacumuye ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru itanga urumuri rwumuhondo nyuma yo gushimishwa n’urumuri rwubururu, rufite agaciro ka 550n LED itara m. Ubururu bwa LED bwubururu bushyirwa mubakure bumeze nk'akabuto kerekana ibintu, gatwikiriwe n'urwego ruto rwa resin ivanze na YAG, hafi 200-500nm. Itara ry'ubururu riva muri LED substrate ryinjizwa igice na fosifore, naho ikindi gice cyurumuri rwubururu kivanze numucyo wumuhondo uva kuri fosifore kugirango ubone urumuri rwera.

Kuri InGaN / YAG LED yera, muguhindura imiterere ya fosifori ya YAG no guhindura ubunini bwa fosifore, amatara yera yera afite ubushyuhe bwamabara ya 3500-10000K. Ubu buryo bwo kubona urumuri rwera binyuze muri LED yubururu rufite imiterere yoroshye, igiciro gito kandi ikuze cyane, bityo irakoreshwa cyane.