Nhoroondo ye LED: Kubva Kuwanikwa kusvika kuRevolution

Origin

Mumakore ekuma1960, masayendisiti akagadzira LED zvichienderana nemusimboti we semiconductor PN junction. Iyo LED yakagadzirwa panguva iyoyo yakagadzirwa neGaASP uye ruvara rwayo runopenya rwakanga rwutsvuku. Mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu ebudiriro, isu takajairana ne LED, iyo inogona kuburitsa tsvuku, orenji, yero, yegirinhi, yebhuruu nemamwe mavara. Nekudaro, iyo chena LED yekuvhenekesa yakagadziridzwa chete mushure me 2000. Pano isu tinosuma iyo chena LED yekuvhenekesa.

Development

Yekutanga LED mwenje sosi yakagadzirwa semiconductor PN junction light emission musimboti yakaunzwa mukutanga 1960s. Zvinhu zvakashandiswa panguva iyoyo yaive GaAsP, ichiburitsa mwenje dzvuku ( λ P = 650nm), kana kutyaira ikozvino 20mA, iyo inopenya inoyerera ingori zvishoma zviuru zvishoma zve lumen, uye inoenderana nekuona kwekuona kwayo ingangoita 0.1 lumen/watt.

Pakati pemakore ekuma1970, zvinhu zvemukati neN zvakaunzwa kuita kuti LED ibudise chiedza chegirinhi ( λ P=555nm), chiedza cheyero ( λ P=590nm) uye chiedza cheorange ( λ P = 610nm).

Mukutanga ma1980s, GaAlAs LED sosi yemwenje yakaonekwa, ichiita kuti kupenya kwechiedza che LED kusvike gumi lumens/watt.

Mukutanga kwema1990, zvinhu zviviri zvitsva, GaAlInP inoburitsa dzvuku uye yero mwenje uye GaInN inoburitsa girinhi nebhuruu mwenje, zvakabudirira kugadzirwa, izvo zvakavandudza zvakanyanya kupenya kwe LED.

Muna 2000, iyo LED yakagadzirwa neyekutanga yaive munzvimbo dzvuku uye orenji ( λ P = 615nm), uye iyo LED yakagadzirwa neyekupedzisira iri munzvimbo yakasvibira ( λ P = 530nm).

Lighting Chronicle

- 1879 Edison akagadzira mwenje wemagetsi;

- 1938 Fluorescent mwenje wakabuda;

- 1959 Halogen mwenje wakabuda;

- 1961 High pressure sodium rambi yakabuda;

- 1962 Metal halide rambi;

- 1969, yekutanga LED mwenje (tsvuku);

- 1976 girini LED mwenje;

- 1993 bhuruu LED mwenje;

- 1999 chena mwenje we LED;

- 2000 LED ichashandiswa kuvhenekera mukati.

- Kuvandudzwa kwe LED ndiyo yechipiri shanduko inotevera nhoroondo yemakore 120 yekuvhenekera kwemwenje.

- Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi21, LED, iyo inogadzirwa kuburikidza nekusangana kunoshamisa pakati pezvisikwa, vanhu, nesainzi, ichava hutsva munyika yechiedza uye yakakosha yegirinhi tekinoroji mwenje shanduko kuvanhu.

- LED ichave yakakura mwenje shanduko kubvira Edison akagadzira girobhu remwenje.

Marambi e LED anonyanya kukwira-simba chena LED mwenje imwe chete. Vagadziri vatatu vemwenje ve LED munyika vane waranti yemakore matatu. Zvimedu zvakakura zvinodarika kana kuenzana ne100 lumens pawatt, uye twunhu tudiki hunopfuura kana kuenzana ne110 lumens pawatt. Zvimedu zvihombe zvine kudzikamisa chiedza zviri pasi pe3% pagore, uye twunhu tudiki tunodzikamisa chiedza hahupfuuri 3% pagore.

Mwenje yekutuhwina ye LED, marambi e LED ari pasi pemvura, marambi echitubu che LED, uye mwenje wekunze we LED wekunze unogona kugadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, 10-watt LED fluorescent rambi inogona kutsiva 40-watt yakajairwa mwenje wefluorescent kana mwenje unoponesa simba.